The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly known as food stamps, is designed to help low-income individuals and families afford healthy meals.
With benefits loaded onto an Electronic Benefits Transfer (EBT) card, eligible participants can purchase groceries at approved retailers across the United States.
But before you can apply, it’s essential to know the rules that determine who qualifies. Each state has its own application process, but all follow basic federal guidelines set by the USDA’s Food and Nutrition Service (FNS).
These guidelines are updated every year based on the Cost of Living Adjustment (COLA), which affects benefit amounts and income limits.
Let’s break it all down so you know whether you qualify.
Household
Your eligibility for SNAP starts with your household structure. So, who counts as part of a SNAP household?
According to the USDA, a SNAP household includes everyone living together who buys and prepares meals together. This could be a single individual, a couple, or an entire family sharing grocery duties. Here’s a simple breakdown:
- Spouses living together are always considered part of the same household.
- Most children under age 22 living with a parent or guardian are automatically included in the same household—even if they prepare their own meals.
- Two unrelated roommates who buy and cook meals separately may count as two separate households.
- If a person is over 60 and has a permanent disability that prevents them from preparing meals, they and their spouse may qualify as a separate SNAP household, as long as the rest of the household has income below 165% of the poverty line.
Knowing your household composition is key before calculating your income eligibility.
Income
Now let’s talk numbers. To be eligible for SNAP, your household’s income must fall below certain thresholds, which vary based on the number of people in the household and current poverty guidelines.
Most states follow a two-step test:
- Gross Monthly Income – must generally be at or below 130% of the federal poverty level.
- Net Monthly Income – after allowable deductions (like housing costs or medical expenses), must be at or below 100% of the federal poverty level.
The income limits are adjusted yearly by COLA, so it’s worth checking your state’s current limits before applying.
For example:
| Household Size | Gross Monthly Income Limit (130%) | Net Monthly Income Limit (100%) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | $1,580 | $1,215 |
| 2 | $2,137 | $1,644 |
| 3 | $2,694 | $2,072 |
| 4 | $3,250 | $2,500 |
These numbers are subject to change yearly. Always check with your state’s SNAP office for the most up-to-date income limits.
Exceptions
Not everyone is eligible—even if you meet the income rules. SNAP benefits are meant for those with the greatest need. If an institution provides most of your meals—like a school, prison, or long-term care facility—you typically do not qualify.
However, there are exceptions for elderly and disabled individuals who live in certain group settings and still meet income and resource limits.
Process
To apply, visit your state’s SNAP website or local social services office. You’ll need to provide:
- Proof of identity
- Income documentation
- Details about your household members
- Rent or mortgage statements
- Utility bills
Once your application is submitted, your state agency will review your case and let you know if you qualify.
SNAP helps millions of Americans put food on the table every day. knowing how eligibility works—especially in terms of income and household makeup—can help you decide if it’s time to apply.
If your situation fits the criteria, don’t hesitate. The support is there for those who need it most.
FAQs
Who is counted in a SNAP household?
Anyone living together who buys and cooks meals together.
Do college students qualify for SNAP?
Only under certain conditions like work or dependents.
Is the 1909-S VDB penny still legal tender?
Yes, but it’s worth far more to collectors.
What is the income limit for 2 people?
Around $2,137 gross monthly income in 2024.
Can institutions get SNAP for residents?
No, unless it’s an approved elderly or disabled group home.
